Acrosome release a chemical substance called sperm lysine, which help in penetrating the membrane of an ovum during .....

The differences between striated and unstriated muscles are as follows: Straited Muscle Unstriated Muscle Presence of alternately arranged light and dark bands that is striations present. Light band and dark bands are .....

Adipose tissue is a loose fibrous connective tissue that is packed with many fat cells called "adipocytes". Adipose tissue is the modified form of areolar tissue. Structure: Adipose tissue is specialized for storage of triglycerides, .....

The differences between simple and compound epithelium are listed as follows: Simple Epithelium Compound Epithelium The cells are arranged in a single layer and rest on basement membrane. The cells are arranged in multiple .....

T.S. of a decalcified long bone shows the following structures: i. Periosteum: It is a dense fibrous highly vascular membrane that covers the bone. It is permiated with the nerves and blood vessels that innervate and nourish underlying bone. It .....

Areolar tissue is a loose connective tissue that consists of a meshwork of collagen fibres, elastic fibres, and reticular fibres. It is the most common type of connective tissue in vertebrates. It is so named because its fibres are far enough apart .....

Columnar epithelial tissue is one of the three basic types of epithelial tissue based on shape-the other two being cubodial and squamous epithelial tissue. The columnar epithelial tissue or epithelium has cells taller than they are wide that is .....

A series of microscopic tubes in the outermost region of the compact bone is called Haversian canals. They allow nerves and blood vessels to pass through them. Each Haversian canal generally contains one or two capillaries and nerve fibres. The .....

Lymph is a clear and colorless fluid which flows through the lymphatic system of the body and takes part in transportation. Lymph is formed by the seepage of blood plasma, proteins and few blood cells through the pores of capillaries. The fluid .....

Cardiac muscle is one of the three types of vertebrate muscles, with the other two being skeletal and smooth muscles. Cardical muscle tissue, also known as myocardoum, is a structurally and functionally subtype of muslce tissue located in the heart, .....

Yellow spot is an oval yellow area near the centre of the retina of the human .....

Collagen protein is found in white .....

A single layer of sqamous epithelium known as endothelium lines the blood .....

An average adult person with a weight of 150 to 180 pounds will conatin approximately 4.7 to 5.5 litres of blood circulating inside their body. Blood accounts for roughly 7 to 8 percent of a perosn's body .....

The lymph has three main functions: i. The removal of excess fludis from the body tissues. ii. Absorption of fatty acid and susquent transport of fats to the circulartory system. iii. Production of immune cells such as lymphocytes, monocytes, plasma .....

Plastic epithelium, also known as transitional epithelium, is a type of stratified epithelium or tissue consisting of multiple layers or epithelial cells which can contract and expand as needed. They are found in the urothelium, including that of .....

The extracellular matrix has three main components: i. Highly viscous proteoglycans (heparin sulfate, kertain sulfate and chondrition sulfate) ii. Insoluble collagen fibres, which provide strenth and resilence iii. Soluble multiadhesive proteins .....

Matrix is the material or ground substance in animal cells or tissue, in which specialized structures are .....

In old age, lack of calcium causes the bone being .....

Heparin prevents the formation of clots within the blood. During injury histamine dilates the blood vessels (i.e. vasodilator) causing the interior of the blood vessels to widen and allows white blood cells to move easily to the site of .....

The phenomenon of the development of imporved and new agricultural and horticulture crop varieties that are far better than original varieties is called plant breeding. The objectives of plants breeding are: 1. Production of disease and rest .....

Methods of plant tissues cultural involved following steps: 1. Constituents of tissue culture media Tissue culture media consists of following types of ingredient inorganic elements, organic compounds, vitamins, semi-synthetic substance, growth .....

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Green manure is the type of fertilizer obtained from highly nutritive, quick growing green crops like legumes plant. Green manures help to increase soil fertility. Application of Green Manure: 1. They help to improve aeration of the soil. 2. They .....

The living organism's which are used as fertilizers to imporve the fertility of soil are called biofertilizers like Rhizobium leguminosarum is a bacteria which can be used as biofertilizer. 1. They are cheap. 2. They lead to soil enrichment. 3. .....

Genetic engineering is the branch of biology which deals with the study about the alternation of genetic make up of organism by the introduction of foreign gene. When conducting genetic engineering the organisms that have their genetic market .....

Alcoholic fermentation is a type of cellular respiration which does not requires oxygen (anaerobic respiration) and involves the breaking down of glucose to pyruvic acid and the finally ethanol. The basic equation for alcohol fermentation shows that .....

A number of food crops like potato, tomato, soybean, rice, wheat, etc. have now been genetically altered to enhance their qualities and quantities. Genetic engineering has important contribution in the field of agriculure like: a. Development of .....

Incomplete oxidation of sugar into alcohol and CO2 is called fermentation. The process of fermentation is extra cellular process which takes place by group of micro organism like yeast. Fermentation is one of the most important  food .....

Following are the significance of fermentation technology: 1. It is used in food industries such as dairy, sugarcane, and confectionary. 2. In pharmacy and biotech industry for synthesis of enzyme and other chemicals. 3. In beverages and .....

Importance of biotechnology Now a day, biotechnology is used in various purposes for benefit of human being directly or indirectly in the different sectors. 1. In the field of agriculture: Different technique of biotechnology has been used in the .....

Tissues culture is a technique of growing cells, tissues and organs in an artifically prepared nutrient medium under aspectic conditions. Application of tissues culture Some important applications of tissues culture are: 1. Multiple shootlet .....

Genetically Modified Organisms are being created and grown across the globe. Genetic modification occurs when the DNA of one living things is added into the DNA of another so that a 'desirable' trait becomes part of the new, modified, .....

List of possible dangers of genetic engineering: i. Genetic engineering is mainly concerted with manipulation of gene which may also form harmful combination of genes. ii. There is an out risk of creation of drug resistance germs and out break of .....

Hybridization is a technique to produce hybrid varieties of plants and .....

Vaccines are liquid chemical substances, which is used to stimulate an immune response in the .....

Two plants which are of manure value are; i. Lens esculenta (Masur) ii. Vigna unguiculata (Cow .....

Manure which is produced by a mixture of dung and crop residues is called farmyard .....

Biotechnology is the branch of biology which deals with the study about different techniques for living organisms in the production of useful .....

Green manure is the type of fertilizer obtained from highly nutritive, quick growing green crops like leguminuous plants. Green manures helps to increase soil .....

The callus is wound tissues composed of undifferentiate, vacuolate and unorganized mass of .....

The living organisms which are used as fertilizers to improve the fertility of soil are called biofertilizers. Rhizobium leguminosarum is a bacterium which can be commonly used as bio .....

Advantages of out breeding i. It results in the increase in the size of plants. ii. It induces resistance to disease and pest. iii. It helps to create the vitality of different plants. iv. It helps to increase size and number of fruit. v. It helps .....

Following are the advantages of vegetative propagation: 1. The offsprings are genetically identical and therefore advantageous traits can be preserved. 2. Only one parent is required which eliminates the need for special mechanisms such as .....

Formation of microspores or pollen grain within an anther is called microsporogenesis or microgametogenesis. A typical anther is bilobed structure. Young anther conatins homogenous mass of meristematic cells. During development it assumes four lobed .....

Anemophilous flowers are those flowers whose pollen are transferred by wind from the anthers to the stigmas of the same or a different plant. Here are some of the characteristic features of anemophilous flowers that have been identified by .....

A newly formed pollen grain possesses a very dense cytoplasm with a central nucleus. As the cell increases in size the vacoule develops and the nucleus is shifted at the side adajcent to the wall. The nucleus divides into two smaller generative .....

Megaspore represents first stage of the female gametophyte. It develops to form the female gametophyte. The female gametophyte is also called embryosac. The megaspore enlarges and its nucleus divides mitocially to form two nuclei. A vacoule appears .....

Fertilization in flowering plants involves the fusion of the male and female gametes. Pollinators, such as butterflies, bees and birds, pollinate the ovum or egg and transfer the male gamates to a flower's female reproductive organs.Pollination .....

The process in which the two sperm nuclei of a pollen grains unite of the embryo sac of an angiosperm plant. One sperm nucleus unites with the egg to form the diploid zygote, from which the embryo develops. The other sperm unites with the two nuclei .....